The Theory of Invariance

<b>[Bart] "Looking from the perspective of a 'static observer': the cirular eather movements pass by with the speed of light."</b>

What about the two longitudinal rays that create this side to side swirl moving through the aether? We never seem to detect them, but they must contain a lot of energy if they are able to move the aether enough to imitate a transverse wave.

[Larry] "two longitudinal rays"

1. Search for "Isotropic radiator" (Point source)
Result = longitudinal wave (theoretical concept used for EM waves, Sound Waves)

2. Search for 'dipole antenna' (Length = half wavelength):
- On side pushes
- The other side pulls
Result = transverse wave (polarization = direction of the antenna)

The Dipole antenna is the combination of 2 'Isotropic radiators' (at the opposite sides of the dipole) that are exactly in opposite phase to each other ...

Isotropic radiators are conceptual devices. We can imagine an isotropic radiator for generating longitudinal waves. Other isotropic radiators can be conceived for generating transverse waves.

===

We cannot make a real isotropic radiator, but we are able to build real devices that <u>approximate</u> the ideal of an isotropic ratiator. Part of the specifications for these devices is how far they deviate from a perfect radiation pattern.

Among the real devices we have are:
(The more you spend on these gizmos, the better they tend to perform.)
<ul><li>Speaker systems that can generate nearly isotropic longitudinal waves</li>
<li>Light bulb systems that can generate nearly isotropic transverse waves
</li></ul>
And as you said, dipole antennas do not produce longitudinal waves.

I guess I'm missing your point.

Let's say that we want a phonon to travel at the speed of light through a substance.
From v = x*sqrt(k /m) we can arrive perhaps at some ball park figures. v^2 = Ex^3 Where E is Young's modulus. When in doubt guess, this has to knock steel into a cocked hat, so let's try the reciprocal of the Boltzmann constant for E and for x^3 which is the spacing of our particles we and try 6.626E-34. Our particles are then going to be in the proton mass range. If we want to have two hugely different speeds through this substance then we have to consider it to be a non newtonian substance, a rheid. With a rheid we have to allow for imaginary roots.

Hi Cindy, I'm still thinking about your last post. I did try and go back to your blog, to see if I could see the argument in proper scientific notation but I couldn't get back to it. I hate having to read maths on this site, because even expressions which are familiar look odd when written down here.

I've said a few times that if Newton had seen the Lorentzian he would have said, ah an exponential. of course we can write (hf /hf_0)^2 = 1 - v^2 / c^2 = 2Gm / c^2 Something Robert Carroll talks about. I did send a pdf of one o his books to Bart, and if you want a copy just p.m. me.

At the moment as regards micro black holes, I don't want to rush to throw the baby out with the bath water. Looking at the Planck mass black hole it's supposed to evaporate in a very short time, about 1E-44 seconds. Yet if we put in a very fast speed of gravity, I think about 2.92E25 metres per second, it takes trillions of years to evaporate and it radiates at about four times the electron charge. The thing is, this wouldn't be a black hole, which we can imagine as a singularity, shaped like a "V" but rather something shaped like a "W" with an e.m event horizon and a gravitational event horizon.

On that phonon velocity question. Perhaps we could pick a likely mass and then look at Young's modulus in terms of the stress and strain being analogous to permeability and permittivity?