Large Hadron Collider

In the eighties CERN bashed protons and antiprotons into each other. A result was an electron and positron emission of the required energy of the Z. So let's say that the Z is a bosonic pair, opposite spins equal to zero. The W is less massive but it can't be two electrons, or two positrons as they would add up to a charge of 2. Perhaps an electron and anti neutrino, and positron neutrino.

So, it's the W that is involved in changing a neutron into a proton. The Z, being neutral, can only change the momentum of the particle, the quark, it interacts with. It could play a part in the strong nuclear force in that it makes the position of the effected quark more indeterminant. The problem with the Z is that, being neutral, it's very difficult to detect.

The machine doesn't make these things, it just allows us to see effects that can be attributed to them.

(Edited) This article is worth a read. www.americanscientist.org/template/Asset...d/14741/page/1#20933

Captain Kirk is in his seat, and Spock is looking into his little "what the butler saw" analyser device. "Captain, we are heading for a glueball." Kirk gives that look that says he knows all about such things but he will pretend to be totally thick so that Spock has to explain it all.

"Imagine captain, that a Le Sage shadow can become detached from its mass ends. It becomes a glueball. Not a ball at all but rather a toroid of some spacial density. Now we are travelling faster than light, we have negative mass therfore. Aim for the hole and we'll accelerate but the upshot is that we'll settle into a spiral light speed orbit. round this thing."

Kirk grins, "just as I thought Mr. Spock." "Captain, Shoud we go for a left or right handed spiral orbit? Be a rather big postitron or a big electron? It's a flip of a coin choice"

Kirk rubs his chin, "take the helm Chekov. I'm off to sick bay for an aspirin."

(Edited) This has got me thinking about the great Nonenta debate. He went to great pains to have Einstein and Lorentzian contractions the same. Now I think his trump card was going to be the equivalence principle. He was bound to say that it proved that nothing could go faster than light. The equivalence principle is itself a gauge theory.

There's also the last post by Cosmicsurfer, in which he talks about antimatter. Let's look at that first. I contend that a positron or an antiproton is not antimatter. It's simply matter of opposite charge. Negative mass though is a bird of a different feather. If we dump the idea that positrons are travelling backwards in time, that clears the field somewhat.

Let's look at this unit charge of quarks. The vector sum of three fractional charges. But we can see this as being down to a preferred inertial frame. There are an infinite number of fractional vectors that add up to one.

Basically, a guy on planet b can have stars mapped in his inertial frame and we can put this into one to one correspondence with our inertial frame, as a Lorentzian but not if we try it with time as a fourth spatial dimension.

These gluon flux tubes now. Well, don't they look like Le Sage shadows? The force on them is fifteen tonnes. That makes bouncing fifteen inch shells off tissues look like child's play. We aren't putting a sun on top of a one kilogram ball and having it survive, we're putting a black hole of 5000 suns on top of it [8D][]

That. I think, has to be the upper speed limit for the speed of gravity.

Well ok, its like I ask you "who's on first?" and you reply "he's the pitcher." The point is stuff goes into the machine such as protons and energy and whatever and I have been told protons come out. Now Are you saying stuff goes in and nothing comes out? What happens to all the stuff?

With the weak atomic force, the W exchange particles are moving back and forth, to turn protons into neutrons and back again. They have to do this to stop the nucleus form exploding due to repulsive force. Now, I would say that this is initiated by events happening within the strong atomic force i.e. within the three quarks that make up a proton or neutron. Can the weak atomic force somehow trigger changes in the strong force? No idea but I lean to it being not the case.

Now there's something of a problem, in that the mass of the three quarks is not enough to account for the mass of a proton. It's only about 2%. So to get round this there is the suggestion that there are lots of virtual quarks buzzing about in there. There's also the idea that if quarks are pulled apart slightly those gluon flux tubes have enough energy to create new quarks where the tube breaks.

Now the new CERN machine could produce these new quarks, and therefore create mass from energy input but the machine isn't creating things where no such thing has ever existed in the universe. The model is passing its tests.

Gell Mann had first put forward the idea of fractional charges as a means to make the maths easier. When the data from experiments suggested that such things really did exist, then the quark was upgraded from a heuristic device to an actual existing thing.

I'm pretty dubious about the virtual particle part of the whole shooting match but there is a lot of promise in what's going on here. I think the missing 98% mass is down to ftl particles in orbit (at light speed) at the proton boundary. These would look like the higgs boson.

Gell Mann seems to agree with the notion of an infinite scale universe. Inside of a quark we could well have forces that only operate over even smaller ranges than they do in our part of the whole deal.

Just for fun, let's set the scene for the higgs using the favoured heuristic.

We have a hall full of scientists, these are our higgs bosons. A rumour spreads that Einstein and Newton are due to come into the hall. The rumour travels faster than the scientists can; the field.

The two great men enter the hall, from opposite doors, and are surrounded by admiring scientists. Let's say eight scientists in the inner ring each, and they can't get too close because of each other, and also because they don't want to crush their heroes.

Newton spots the crowd movement, if not Einstein himself. It's tricky to get to him, as the crowd has to get out of the way, yet still jostle for prime position. The two men meet and a gap in the two little inner circles of scientists has to open for them to be face to face.

Now, how does this little scene play out when we think of it in terms of Le Sage pushing gravity? The rumour travels at 20 billion c. The scientists move slower but the two heroes of science move at a very slow regal pace.

We also have that odd directly proportional force operating at the "body space" of the two great men.

An interesting option to this "game," is that Einstein and Newton love themselves to bits. The higgs scientists, 0n the other hand, loath themselves in equal measure. A sort of human analogue of negative mass.

(Edited) A first thought on this game. A rumour can travel very fast but it has to wait until its content is there. Newton is moving very very slowly, if he stops to tie his shoe lace at the door, the higgs nearest him has to wait until he knows what's going on before passing the message on.

The scientists in the inner ring around Newton, find that they now love themselves more and more the closer they get. At the closest point to his "body space," they feel nirvana. They lose their individuality.

Remember that they are a tachyon condensate and as they slow down to just above c, they become more wave like in terms of their entropy. Any rumours they want to pass on have to "accelerate" out of Newtons body space. Then be passed on at almost instantaneous speed to the scientists round Einstein. Now, these boys cannot stop, they've slowed down as much as they can but they are still much faster than Newton. So, they "walk" round him in a circle. The rumour of which way they are rotating can travel at ftl speed because it's not down to what Newton is doing. As the two great men get closer and closer, the admirers know how to move to allow a gap to open, so the men can see each other. What happens when this gap opens up? The crowd are still pushing madly to get close to their heroes after all.

(Edited) We've turned Einstein into a plaster saint but the same can't be said for Newton. Not really a nice guy [] This man would hardly look at his group of admirers. Suppose he were to say one day, "look, this crowd thing is bedlam! Can you pick me up and carry me over to that guy Einstein. I want to punch him in the nose."